Le canal des Pangalanes
\nG\u00e9ographiquement, la partie orientale de Madagascar est constitu\u00e9e par des falaises, c’est la partie humide de Madagascar qui connait la plus forte pr\u00e9cipitation. En effet, c’est l’endroit o\u00f9 les for\u00eats tropicales, for\u00eats secondaires et for\u00eats primaires de Madagascar se concentrent. Les eaux des cours d’eau ont faits rendez-vous en bas des falaises de l’est de Madagascar pour former des rivi\u00e8res, des lacs et des \u00e9tangs du haut de Tamatave ou toamasina au nord et \u00e0 Farafangana au sud.
\nVu la richesse des mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res et produits d’exportation dans la partie est de la grande \u00eele comme le canne \u00e0 sucre, caf\u00e9, le girofle, la vanille, ylang-ylang… des navires Indiens, Portugais, Fran\u00e7ais et anglais reconnaissaient la r\u00e9gion de la c\u00f4te est de Madagascar. A ce temps-l\u00e0, Tamatave \u00e9tait un comptoir commercial et par la suite Foulpointe ou Mahavelona devenait le centre des affaires Fran\u00e7aise.
\nAu d\u00e9but du XIXe si\u00e8cle, en 1815 le Roi Radama 1er \u00e9tait le premier \u00e0 avoir l’initiative de faire l’initiation de relier ces rivi\u00e8res, lacs et \u00e9tangs de l’est pour former le canal des Pangalanes mais le roi n’avait pas eu des bons r\u00e9sultats car ils \u00e9taient toujours occup\u00e9s par l’envahissement des Anglais et Fran\u00e7ais. Des ann\u00e9es pass\u00e8rent, des trait\u00e9s \u00e9taient mis en place et viol\u00e9s par la suite. Et vers la fin du XIXe si\u00e8cle, La grande \u00eele de Madagascar \u00e9tait d\u00e9clar\u00e9e et devenu finalement sous protectorat Fran\u00e7aise. Deux ans apr\u00e8s, le G\u00e9n\u00e9ral Joseph Gallieni faisait appel \u00e0 la reprise des travaux visant \u00e0 contr\u00f4ler la c\u00f4te est sur le domaine administratif et militaire. Ainsi, le projet Canal des Pangalanes et Chemin de fer \u00e9taient relanc\u00e9 en 1905.
\nLe d\u00e9but du percement du Canal des Pangalanes \u00e9tait en 1905 et ne s’achevait qu’en 1989. La cr\u00e9ation du Canal des Pangalanes \u00e9tait une sacr\u00e9e longue dur\u00e9e de travail et environs sur 700 km avec un canal \u00e0 voie navigable de 665 km de Foulpointe \u00e0 Farafangana avait \u00e9t\u00e9 accompli.<\/p>\n
Chronologie de la construction du Canal des Pangalanes\u00a0:
\n-1905: Appel au relation du Canal des Pangalanes entre le village d’Ambinanivolo et la ville de Mananjary.
\n-1907: Ouverture d’une partie d’une voie navigable entre la ville Mananjary et Vatomandry.
\n-1907 \u00e0 1908: Travaux du Canal des Pangalanes reliant le Lac Marokontsy et le Lac Salakotaka. Ensuite, appel au projet Canal des Pangalanes entre Ifontsy et Ivoloina.
\n-1908 \u00e0 1923: Travaux de construction des canaux reliants d’Antsiramianina Ambinavolo et de Vatomandry.
\n-1910: Relation du Canal des Pangalanes du Vohipeno et Farafangana.
\n-1911: Relation du Canal des Pangalanes de Mananjary et d’Andevoranto.
\n-1911 \u00e0 1913: Relation du Lac Tatamamy et du Fleuve Mangoro pour former Le Canal des pangalanes de Masomeloka.
\n-1913: Appel au projet Canal des Pangalanes entre Tamatave et Ivondro.
\n-1912 \u00e0 1914: Travaux de construction Canal des Pangalanes Farafangana et Vohipeno.
\n-1913 \u00e0 1918: Relation d’Andrevo et Masomeloka
\n-1918: Appel au projet de relation du Canal des Pangalanes Tamatave et Ivondro.
\n-1919: Travaux de construction \u00e0 Vatomandry.
\n-1925: Bilan d’ach\u00e8vement du Canal des Pangalanes.
\n-1924 \u00e0 1952: Etude et rapport de la Gare fluviale du Canal des Pangalanes Tamatave.
\n-1925: Travaux de constructions du Canal entre Farafangana et Loholoka.
\n-1935: Appel au projet Tamatave Foulpointe.
\n-1930: Mis en place de la gare de Kalomalala et projet de construction du camp \u00e0 Vahia.
\n-1930 \u00e0 1934: Construction du barrage de Salazamay.
\n-1931: Mis en place d’une base pour des agents du Canal des Pangalanes au milieu du village d’Analalava et le Lac Sahondra.
\n-1931 \u00e0 1950: Travaux de protection des berges sur le Canal des Pangalanes et construction de la gare fluviale de Tamatave.
\n-1942: Exploitation du Canal des Pangalanes.
\n-1943 \u00e0 1945: Appel au projet de relation du seuil de Masomeloka.
\n-1944: Ouverture du Canal des Pangalanes reliant Mahanoro, Vatomandry et Ambila Lemaitso.
\n-1947: Projet de d\u00e9viation de Tanandranomainty et d’Andranomahitsy.
\n-1948: Lancement d’offre et projet de la construction des canaux du Canal des Pangalanes de Tanambao \u00e0 la Gare fluviale et de Ivondro \u00e0 Tamatave.
\n-1949: R\u00e9alisation du travaux de constructuion des canaux Gare fluviale-Tanambao et Tamatave-Ivondro.
\n-1950: Rapport des \u00e9tudes pour l’embouchure de Ivondro et les projets de Vatomandry-Ivondro, Manakara-Mananjary, Mananjary-Nosy Varika et Nosy Varika-Vatomandry.<\/p>\n
Kilom\u00e9trage et distance entre les grands points du Canal des Pangalanes:
\nTamatave-Akanin’ny Nofy ou Palmarium 60 km
\nAkanin’ny Nofy-Ambila Lemaitso 30 km
\nAmbila Lemaitso-Andevoranto 11 km
\nAndevoranto-Vatomandry 54 km
\nVatomandry-Mahanoro 73 km
\nMahanoro-Nosy Varika 113 km
\nNosy Varika-Mananary 92 km
\nMananjary-Manakara
\nManakara-Farafangana<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Le canal des Pangalanes G\u00e9ographiquement, la partie orientale de Madagascar est constitu\u00e9e par des falaises, c’est la partie humide de Madagascar qui connait la plus forte pr\u00e9cipitation. En effet, c’est l’endroit o\u00f9 les for\u00eats tropicales, for\u00eats secondaires et for\u00eats primaires de Madagascar se concentrent. Les eaux des cours d’eau ont faits rendez-vous en bas des…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[3057,3069,3111,3112,3115,3114,3038,3047,3070,3116,3117,3076,3056,3046,3068,3067,3058,608,2973,3055,3073,3081,3050,3082,3083,3085,3084,3054,3074,3086,3049,2954,2971,2970,3093,3094,3097,3096,3098,3099,3090,3103,3102,3108,3107,3106,3104,3105,3095,3091,3092,3100,3101,2972,3080,3072,261,3052,2952,2951,2950,2953,2783,3061,3079,3060,2967,3044,3045,3089,3066,3063,3062,87,2957,3039,3042,3071,3043,3051,2955,3059,2975,3064,2974,2964,2965,2966,254,3121,3120,2958,3126,3125,249,3124,3087,3041,3053,3040,3122,3123,3113,2949,2959,2948,2960,1771,2956,2968,2969,2963,2961,2962,340,3109,3065,3078,3110,3077,3075,339,3118,3119,3088,3037,3048],"class_list":["post-1507","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classe","tag-achevement-du-canal-des-pangalanes","tag-agents-du-canal-des-pangalanes","tag-akaninny-nofy-ambila-lemaitso-en-bateau","tag-ambila-le-maitso-akaninny-nofy-en-bateau","tag-ambila-lemaitso-andevoranto-en-bateau","tag-ambila-lemaitso-palmarium-en-bateau","tag-ambinanivolo","tag-ambinavolo","tag-analalava","tag-andevoranto-ambila-lemaitso-en-bateau","tag-andevoranto-vatomandry-en-bateau","tag-andranomahitsy","tag-andrevo","tag-antsiramianina","tag-barrage-de-salazamay","tag-camp-vahia","tag-canal-de-lest-madagascar","tag-canal-des-pangalanes","tag-canal-des-pangalanes-1905-a-1989","tag-canal-des-pangalanes-farafangana-vohipeno","tag-canal-des-pangalanes-mahanoro-vatomandry","tag-canal-des-pangalanes-manakara-mananjary","tag-canal-des-pangalanes-mananjary-andevoranto","tag-canal-des-pangalanes-mananjary-manakara","tag-canal-des-pangalanes-mananjary-nosy-varika","tag-canal-des-pangalanes-nosy-varika-vatomandry","tag-canal-des-pangalanes-nosy-varyka-mananjary","tag-canal-des-pangalanes-tamatave-ivondro","tag-canal-des-pangalanes-vatomandry-ambila-lemaitso","tag-canal-des-pangalanes-vatomandry-nosy-varika","tag-canal-des-pangalanes-vohipeno-farafangana","tag-cours-deau-est-de-madagascar","tag-creation-du-canal-des-pangalanes","tag-date-de-creation-du-canal-des-pangalanes","tag-distance-akaninny-nofy-ambila-lemaitso","tag-distance-ambila-lemaitso-akaninny-nofy","tag-distance-ambila-lemaitso-andevoranto","tag-distance-ambila-lemaitso-palmarium","tag-distance-andevoranto-ambila-lemaitso","tag-distance-andevoranto-vatomandry","tag-distance-antre-villes-canal-des-pangalanes","tag-distance-mahanoro-nosy-varika","tag-distance-mahanoro-vatomandry","tag-distance-manakara-farafangana","tag-distance-manakara-mananjary","tag-distance-mananjary-manakara","tag-distance-nosy-varika-mahanoro","tag-distance-nosy-varika-mananary","tag-distance-palmarium-ambila-lemaitso","tag-distance-tamatave-akaninny-nofy","tag-distance-tamatave-palmarium","tag-distance-vatomandry-andevoranto","tag-distance-vatomandry-mahanoro","tag-duree-de-travaux-du-canal-des-pangalanes","tag-embouchure-divondro","tag-exploitation-du-canal-des-pangalanes","tag-farafangana","tag-fleuve-mangoro","tag-foret-primaire-a-madagascar","tag-foret-secondaire-a-madagascar","tag-foret-tropicale-a-madagascar","tag-forets-primaires-de-madagascar","tag-foulpointe","tag-gare-fluviale-canal-des-pangalanes-tamatave","tag-gare-fluviale-tanambao","tag-gares-fluviales-du-canal-des-pangalanes","tag-general-joseph-gallieni","tag-ifontsy","tag-ivoloina","tag-kilometrage-canal-des-pangalanes","tag-la-gare-de-kalomalala","tag-la-gare-de-tamatave","tag-la-gare-fluviale-tamatave","tag-la-grande-ile-de-madagascar","tag-la-region-de-la-cote-est-de-madagascar","tag-la-ville-de-mananjary","tag-lac-marokontsy","tag-lac-sahondra","tag-lac-salakotaka","tag-lac-tatamamy","tag-les-lacs-de-lest-de-madagascar","tag-les-pangalanes","tag-les-voies-naviguables-canal-des-pangalanes","tag-loholoka","tag-longueur-canal-des-pangalanes","tag-madagascar-debut-19eme-siecle","tag-madagascar-fin-19eme-siecle","tag-madagascar-sous-protectorat-francais","tag-mahanoro","tag-mahanoro-nosy-varika-en-bateau","tag-mahanoro-vatomandry-en-bateau","tag-mahavelona","tag-manakara-farafangana-en-bateau","tag-manakara-mananjary-en-bateau","tag-mananjary","tag-mananjary-manakara-en-bateau","tag-mananjary-nosy-varika-en-bateau","tag-mananjary-vatomandry-par-bateau","tag-masomeloka","tag-naviguer-de-mananjary-a-vatomandry","tag-nosy-varika-mahanoro-en-bateau","tag-nosy-varika-mananary-en-bateau","tag-palmarium-ambila-lemaitso-en-en-bateau","tag-partie-humide-de-madagascar","tag-partie-nord-du-canal-des-pangalanes","tag-partie-orientale-de-madagascar","tag-partie-sud-du-canal-des-pangalanes","tag-precipitation-de-madagascar","tag-produit-dexportation-canal-de-pangalanes","tag-projet-canal-des-pangalanes","tag-projet-chemin-de-fer-madagascar","tag-radama-1er","tag-roi-radama","tag-roi-radama-1er","tag-tamatave","tag-tamatave-akaninny-nofy-en-bateau","tag-tamatave-foulpointe","tag-tamatave-ivondro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